中国官媒《环球时报》10月25日针对南海问题,用中英文两种语言发表措辞强硬的社论称,中国不能只会谈判,必要时应当“杀一儆百”。但10月25日下午中国外交部发言人姜瑜对此表示,媒体的评论只代表媒体的观点,中国奉行的是睦邻友好的合作观。、

《环球时报》惹祸:强硬谈南海以战止战 外交部救急降温

在中国外交部举行的例行记者会上,发言人姜瑜在回答关于《环球时报》南海问题的社评时表示,媒体有编辑、评论权利,相信它们会本着真实、客观、负责任的态度进行报道。

姜瑜称,中国奉行和平发展战略,积极践行互信、互利、平等、协作的新安全观和睦邻友好的周边地区合作观。

她指出,维护地区和平稳定符合本地区各国共同利益。当前南海地区各国都承诺透过对话协商,以和平方式妥善处理海上争议问题,维护地区的和平稳定,并维护良好双边关系;而当务之急,有关国家应确实落实《南海各方行为宣言》,这对维护及促进各国间的互信十分重要。

姜瑜说,域外国家应该尊重域内国家通过对话协商解决问题的努力。人为的制造紧张气氛,挑拨对立,无助于问题解决,只会使问题复杂化。中国不希望看到任何国家挑起事端,也不希望任何国家介入南海问题。

10月25日,中国官媒《环球时报》发表了措辞强硬的社论称,如果海上争端国不愿改变目前的对华行为方式,那么它们就应对东亚的海面上响起一些炮声有思想准备。

社论说,菲越等国的行为很像是趁火打劫,它们认为中国受到来自各方的压力,它们可以搭团队的车,起哄捞中国的便宜。它们不知道从哪里得来一些针对中国的心理优势。

社论还表示,虽然“反击”对中国意味着一定的麻烦,但如果那些国家当下制造的麻烦和“长痛”太多,延续它们的风险远远大于中国改变政策带来的风险,那么“反击”就一定会发生。

附:环球时报社评

社评:东亚离海上冲突越走越近了

菲律宾、韩国近日在相距遥远的海域分别扣了中国的渔船及渔民,有些至今尚未归还。各种海上纠纷在缠上中国,相关国家出手强硬,中国国内要求强硬回击的呼声日高。可以预见,如果周边国家在与中国的海上摩擦中不加收敛,一些纠纷频繁的海域突然爆发军事冲突是迟早的事。

中国总体上不愿意用军事手段解决海上纠纷,中国认为当前是发展经济的“战略机遇期”。但一些周边小国的咄咄逼人逐渐使中国人悟出,它们把中国的战略克制也当成自己的“战略机遇期”,试图利用这段时间扩张海上利益,逼中国让步。

南海的这种情况尤其明显。菲越等国的行为很像是趁火打劫,它们认为中国受到来自各方的压力,它们可以搭团队的车,起哄捞中国的便宜。它们不知道从哪里得来一些针对中国的心理优势。

这种小国对大国的“机会主义战略攻势”,在历史上很少见。但很显然这种游戏并不好玩,因为中国有随时中止这种游戏的力量。虽然“反击”对中国意味着一定的麻烦,但如果那些国家当下制造的麻烦和“长痛”太多,延续它们的风险远远大于中国改变政策带来的风险,那么“反击”就一定会发生。

海上争端国当前制造的麻烦,不仅威胁中国长远的海上主权利益,而且它们对中国自尊的伤害在不断消耗中国国内的政治团结。

很多人在质疑中国海洋政策的“软弱”,喊“打”声逐渐积蓄起政策制定者无法忽视的能量。

在反复权衡利弊之后,中国主流社会在接近达成一种共识:海上的问题要顺其自然,中国不能以武为先,将军事解决作为国策。但中国也不能只会谈判,必要时应当“杀一儆百”。

对于海上摩擦,包括对于未来有可能发生的军事冲突,中国人近年来其实不断在做心理上的提前适应。大家渐渐认为,和平崛起并不意味着用让步购买和平,一旦中国卷入海上军事冲突,未必就有一些人预言的那么可怕。

中国社会的这种思想过程是真实的,它不可能不影响中国未来的外交决策。海上争端国未必看清了中国社会的这种动向,它们在以过去的印象误判今天的中国。正因为此,南海等敏感海域爆发冲突的危险,当前和今后一段时间很可能是近年来最高的。

如果海上争端国不愿改变目前的对华行为方式,那么它们就应对东亚的海面上响起一些炮声有思想准备。大家都该做好这种准备,这或许是东亚海上实现真正平静之前不得不经历的混乱。如果最终避免不了这些冲突,那么控制它们,让它们成为地区的镇静剂,而不是引发局势的全面战略恶化,同样是有意义的。

东亚海上的主权要求严重重叠,人类没发明过和平解决它们的有效之策,中国提出的“搁置争议、共同开发”未引起共鸣,现在各争端国表现得就像大大小小的帝国,好像有了美国撑腰,它们就都有了让中国屈服的权力和本事。这种不冷静是普遍的,光中国一个国家冷静没用,大势很可能是:中国将不得不做调整。

Don’t take peaceful approach for granted

Recently, both the Philippines and South Korean authorities have detained fishing boats from China, and some of those boats haven’t been returned. China has been increasingly confronted with sea disputes and challenged by tough stances from the countries involved. These events have been promoting hawkish responses within China, asking the government to take action.

China has emphasized its reluctance in solving disputes at sea via military means on many occasions. Peace is vital for its own economic development. But some of China’s neighboring countries have been exploiting China’s mild diplomatic stance, making it their golden opportunity to expand their regional interests.

What has recently happened in the South China Sea is a good example. Countries like the Philippines and Vietnam believe China has been  under various pressure. They think it is a good time for them to take advantage of this and force China to give away its interests.

Their inspiration is illogical and it is rare to see small countries using "opportunistic strategy" on bigger countries. Hard-line response will cause trouble for China, but if the problems and "pains" these countries bring exceed the risk China has to endure to change its policies and strategies, then a "counter-attack" is likely.

The sea disputes that some countries have created not only threaten China’s long-term interests over the sovereignty of its sea borders, but also challenge the unity of China’s politics on the issue. Growing voices urging the government to "strike back" will eventually form through influence.

Currently, China’s mainstream understanding is that it should first go through the general channels of negotiating with other countries to solve sea disputes. But if a situation turns ugly, some military action is necessary.

This public sentiment will influence China’s future foreign policy. Countries currently in sea disputes with China may have failed to spot this tendency, as they still perceive China through conventional wisdom. Thus, the South China Sea, as well as other sensitive sea areas, will have a higher risk of serious clashes.

If these countries don’t want to change their ways with China, they will need to prepare for the sounds of cannons. We need to be ready for that, as it may be the only way for the disputes in the sea to be resolved.

Conflicts and disputes over the sovereignty of the seas in East Asia and South Asia are complicated. No known method exists to solve these issues in a peaceful way. Although China has proposed a strategy that calls for countries in the region to put away differences and work on shared interests, few have responded.

The reality is that each country in the region believes it has what it takes to force China to bow down. China wants to remain calm but it is a lonely role to play. China will have to adjust itself for this reality.

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